Hypomagnesemia in a Herd Fed on High Protein Diet

In a herd of 23 high yielding cross bred cows, 4 cows showed classical symptoms of hypomagnesemia. All the animals were being fed with high protein diet whereby they were provided with ad lib leguminous green fodder particularly berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) that was fertilized with urea.

Even the concentrate being fed @10 kg/animal/day, was having >40% protein source in form of mustard cake and soybean. Blood samples from all the cows of the herd were collected for plasma minerals (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Fe and Zn) estimation.

Lower concentration of magnesium and sodium were recorded whereas marginal levels of calcium were observed in the affected animals. With oral supplementation of magnesium oxide and diet change there was no relapse of the condition.

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Hypomagnesemia in a Herd Fed on High Protein Diet

In a herd of 23 high yielding cross bred cows, 4 cows showed classical symptoms of hypomagnesemia. All the animals were being fed with high protein diet whereby they were provided with ad lib leguminous green fodder particularly berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) that was fertilized with urea.

Even the concentrate being fed @10 kg/animal/day, was having >40% protein source in form of mustard cake and soybean. Blood samples from all the cows of the herd were collected for plasma minerals (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Fe and Zn) estimation.

Lower concentration of magnesium and sodium were recorded whereas marginal levels of calcium were observed in the affected animals. With oral supplementation of magnesium oxide and diet change there was no relapse of the condition.

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Age-related Yields of Mouse Sperm and Oocytes

Genetically modified animals, in particular mice, are unique mutants with a major scientific potential. Cryopreservation of pre-implantation embryos or of spermatozoa is a common approach to protect those lines against loss or to archive them.

Prerequisite to take a mutant line out of a breeding nucleus is the cryopreservation of a sufficient number of samples and a powerful quality assessment.

Several common protocols to cryopreserve spermatozoa and subsequently to forward these to an in vitro-fertilization under standardized conditions are published using donors of a strictly limited age-span.

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Water Temperature Affects the Ontogenetic Development of Yellowtail Amberjack Seriola lalandi dorsalis (Gill 1863)

Temperature is important for development of fish larvae because it can regulate metabolism and feeding behavior. Temperature directly influences the size of fish larvae at hatching, yolkabsorption, growth, survival, feeding success and digestion.

Seriola lalandi 

In many cases, high mortality and abnormality of fish larvae are attributed to unsuitable temperature in the rearing system. Within the temperature range of fish tolerance, the increase of temperature accelerates ontogenetic development, but a high temperature may reduce fish survival rates at the same time. During ontogenetic development, the size at metamorphosis tends to increase at low temperature. In contrast, at high temperatures, yolk-sac absorption of fish larvae is faster resulting in a shorter endogenous feeding period. Within the range of optimal temperatures, food intake of fish usually increases with temperature increment, but falls dramatically at the low end of optimal temperatures. Therefore, choosing appropriate temperature for rearing fish larvae is essential to achieve fast growth and high survival in finfish hatcheries. Read more>>>>>>

Incidence of Dog Bite Cases in Humans in Umuahia Local Government Area of Abia State

Dog bite is a trauma caused by the teeth of a dog and is usually heavilycontaminated with microorganism. It is of great public health concern as most cases of human deaths from rabies have been almost always attributed to dog bite.

Dog Bite

Globally millions of people are bitten by dogs, for instance in 1994, it was estimated that over 4.7 million dog bites occurred annually in the United States of America and approximately 800,000 persons require medical care, 44% of who are <14 years old. Similarly, a study in Sokoto State, Nigeria, reported 991 dog bite victims within a decade amongst which 11 children died of rabies. Rabies is an acute viral infection of the central nervous system, characterized by irritation of the central nervous system, paralysis and death. In Africa, transmission of rabies virus is principally through the bite of an infected animal especially dogs. In most African countries especially in the Western and Central Africa, there is absence of policy on notification of rabies cases in humans and animals. Read more>>>>>> 

Analysis of the Gut Microbiome of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus L. Fed Diets Supplemented with Previda® and Saponin

The use of prebiotics in aquaculture aims at increasing the numbers of beneficial microbesin the gastrointestinal tract of fishes. However, the true effect of prebiotics exert on the fish microbiome is for the most part unknown.

This study aimed at investigating the effects of the commercial prebiotic Previda® and the feed supplement saponin on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.).

We used 454 pyrosequencing to characterize the gut microbiome of fish fed diets containing Previda®, saponin, a combination of both, and a control diet.

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Diagnosis and Management of a Malignant Dermal Melanoma in a Donkey (Equus asinus)

Surgical removal of the masses applied under epidural anesthesia was performed. The masses were firm and pigmented. Multiple biopsies of the masses were collected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin.

Malignant Dermal Melanoma

Histopathologic evaluation of the biopsies revealed malignant dermal melanoma involving deep dermis, muscles, adipose tissue, lymph node and blood vessels. Multifocal areas of necrosis and dystrophic calcification were recognized. Hematologic and plasma biochemical parameters were within normal reference ranges. Two months post- surgery, hematologic and plasma biochemical parameters remained within normal limits. The animal did not show any clinical signs of disease or evidence of recurrence until five months follow-up post-surgery. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first report of successful surgical excision of a malignant dermal melanoma in a donkey. Read more>>>>>>>